Memahami Pendekatan Kuantitatif dalam Penelitian Skripsi: Sebuah Kajian Literatur Naratif
Keywords:
quantitative approach, undergraduate thesis, narrative literature review, research types, data analysis, Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Skripsi, Kajian Literatur Naratif, Jenis Penelitian, Analisis DataAbstract
Abstract: The quantitative approach is one of the most widely used approaches in undergraduate thesis research, particularly in the social sciences. However, the broad scope of research types and analytical options within this approach often confuses students. This article aims to narratively review the characteristics of the quantitative approach, the types of research relevant to undergraduate theses (survey, comparative, and experimental), resource considerations in selecting research types, and critically evaluate the analytical choices commonly made by students along with their alternatives. This study employed a narrative literature review method using methodology textbooks and relevant journal articles as data sources. The findings reveal a gap between the complexity of social phenomena being studied and the simplicity of analyses commonly chosen by students. This article also offers new perspectives on reformulating quantitative research questions and the importance of integrating resource considerations in methodological decision-making. The findings are expected to serve as a reference for students, thesis supervisors, and program administrators in improving the methodological quality of undergraduate thesis research.
Abstrak: Pendekatan kuantitatif merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang paling banyak digunakan dalam penelitian skripsi mahasiswa S1, khususnya di bidang ilmu sosial. Namun, luasnya cakupan jenis penelitian dan pilihan analisis dalam pendekatan ini sering menimbulkan kebingungan bagi mahasiswa. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara naratif karakteristik pendekatan kuantitatif, jenis-jenis penelitian yang relevan untuk skripsi S1 (survei, komparatif, dan eksperimen), pertimbangan sumber daya dalam pemilihan jenis penelitian, serta mengevaluasi secara kritis pilihan analisis yang lazim digunakan mahasiswa beserta alternatifnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode narrative literature review dengan sumber data berupa buku-buku teks metodologi penelitian dan artikel jurnal ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kesenjangan antara kompleksitas fenomena sosial yang diteliti dan kesederhanaan analisis yang umum dipilih mahasiswa. Artikel ini juga menawarkan perspektif baru mengenai reformulasi rumusan masalah kuantitatif dan pentingnya integrasi pertimbangan sumber daya dalam pengambilan keputusan metodologis. Temuan kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi mahasiswa, dosen pembimbing, dan pengelola program studi dalam meningkatkan kualitas metodologis penelitian skripsi.
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